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In the News

Want to read interesting stories about toilets? You'd be surprised how often they come up in news and stories. FLUSH collects interesting toilet stories to share with the world via Twitter.

Starter Numbers & Facts

FLUSH Written Pieces

Treating medical waste during COVID-19 in the Global South

IRCWASH

Jun 2020

Is hazardous medical waste sufficiently managed?

Let's Connect Sanitation to the Rest of Development

WASHFunders

Feb 2020

To many of us in the WASH world, sanitation is the center of the universe...

What the sh*t is WASH doing about waste?

IRC WASH

Feb 2020

Seven reasons why the WASH sector should join forces with solid waste programs...

WASH Resources

Where do I go to learn more about...?

Types of Toilets Being Used

In WASH: Akvopedia

How to Find Libraries of Academic and Research Articles

Loughborough University's WEDC

IRC WASH

Australia's Civil Society WASH Fund

Listening to Related Podcasts

USAID's Global Waters Radio

IRC WASH's WASH Talk

What Specialists are Discussing Right Now

SuSanA

Sanitation Updates

Where Specialists Get Their Numbers

WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) SDG Goal 6 Report

WHO Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-water (GLAAS) Report

Related Education Programs

Australia: International WaterCentre

Australia: University of Technology Sydney's Institute for Sustainable Futures

Cambodia: Center for Sustainable Water

Netherlands: IHE DELFT

Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology

UK: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

UK: University of Loughborough's Water, Engineering, and Development Centre

UK: University of Leeds Water

UK: Cranfield University

USA: University of North Carolina (UNC) Water Institute

USA: Emory College Rollins School of Public Health

Where Specialists Go to Talk Regularly

Mobile: World Toilet Day Events

Mobile: Loughborough University's WEDC Conference

Mobile: International Water Association's (IWA) Events & Conferences
Mobile: World Toilet Organization (WTO) World Toilet Summit

Mobile: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) Forum

Sweden: Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) World Water Week

US: University of North Carolina (UNC) Water Institute's Water & Health Conference

US: Columbia University's Sustainable Development Conference

Water Link

Learn how toilets and water relate to each other.

Toilet Types

A place to learn about the different kinds of toilets.

Pit Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

A pit toilet (or latrine) is a type of toilet that collects human waste in a hole in the ground. They often use little to no water to move the waste to the pit underneath the seat. For these toilets, the seat can be placed either on top of or near the storage pit.

Flush/Wet Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

A wet toilet allows human waste to be removed through a piped system with water. These toilets are most common in much of the developed world, and require either a septic system or a municipal sewer piping system to manage the waste safely.

Compost Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

Compost toilets accelerate the natural decomposition process of human waste - from waste to composted soil - locally by without the need for added water. Human waste is over 90% water, which evaporates and travels through a vent system.

Incinerating Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

Incinerating toilets are self-contained waterless systems that do not require being hooked up to a sewer or septic system. They rely on electric power, or natural/propane gas to incinerate human waste. The resulting end product is sterile, clean ash.

Container Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

Container toilets are self-contained waterless systems that divert the feces from the urine and keep the waste onsite in separate containers.

These toilets need to be safely emptied regularly.

Container-based toilets are really useful in urban low-income settings.

Portable Toilets

01/19 - 01/23

Often called a portapotty, a portable or mobile toilet may easily be moved. They may be brought onsite, such as for a festival or to a building site, to quickly provide sanitation services. Sometimes these can be compostable; many use chemicals to manage its human waste.